Many teachers compare BP and FTX together, which is not right.
The 5% yield given by BP does not come from subsidies, but from real government bonds. Traditional stablecoin issuers, such as Circle, keep these earnings and Backpack redistributes them to users. Users can currently earn an annualized yield (APY) of 5.56% by lending USD on the Backpack exchange, which includes the base borrowing rate plus an additional 4% stablecoin yield.
The benefit is that by supporting multiple stablecoins (such as USDC and pyUSD), Backpack USD spreads the risk of a single stablecoin issuer (such as Circle). This is a good idea for users who want to reduce their reliance on a single publisher.
The downside is that this model introduces "pooled stablecoin decoupling risk". If one of the stablecoins in the pool is depegged (i.e., the value deviates by $1), the stability of Backpack USD may be affected.
It's worth mentioning that Backpack doesn't directly manage fiat currency, but instead converts all deposits into stablecoins immediately and back to fiat when users withdraw them. This approach avoids direct exposure to bank risk and allows users to view the composition of the underlying assets at any time.
At the same time, Armani emphasized that Backpack has strict standards for stablecoins to be added to the asset basket, and will not scale easily, but will gradually support more issuers as the stablecoin market grows.
Question: Where does the additional yield come from?
Answer: Stablecoins.
When you deposit fiat, USDC, and, soon, other stablecoins (like pyUSD) into Backpack, your stable coin gets exchanged one for one with a new stablecoin of sorts, Backpack USD, for all intents and purposes, a stablecoin in its own right.
Backpack USD isn't a normal stablecoin. It's not trying to compete with USDC or others. You can't withdraw it. It only exists on Backpack Exchange.
Backpack USD exists for two purposes.
1) To make the user experience around stable coins great. You can deposit in fiat and withdraw USDC., and you can deposit in USDC and withdraw fiat. Zero fees. No manually converting back and forth. It just works.
2) To tap into the yield that the largest stablecoin issuers normally keep for themselves, and to pass that yield to users.
The tradeoff: pooled stablecoin depeg risk. This is either a good thing or a bad thing depending on your perspective. If you really want to trust Circle and Circle only, then this is a downgrade from our previous offering, and you probably shouldn't use it. However, if you want to diversify away from a single stablecoin issuer, e.g., to diversify amongst a set of stablecoin issuers (i.e. USDC and pyUSD), then this can be an improvement.
And instead of Backpack doing all the work of managing dollars, investing in treasuries, and dealing with bank risk, we simply operate in crypto, where you can see the underlying basket at any point. All fiat is immediately converted to/from stablecoins upon deposit and withdrawals.
In any case, the bar for entering this basket is high. We aren't going to easily expand it, but as stablecoin adoption keeps expanding, and the number of issuers along with it, Backpack hopes to support that growth in any way we can.
I'm super excited for folks to start taking advantage of Backpack USD, so let me know what you think!
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